Understanding PMS and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD): Insights from Dr. Alexis Meshi of Superior Psychiatric ServicesPremenstrual Syndrome (PMS) and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) are two common conditions that affect millions of women worldwide. While PMS is widely recognized, PMDD is a more severe form of premenstrual distress that can significantly impact a woman’s mental health and daily life.

At Superior Psychiatric Services, Dr. Alexis Meshi, a leading psychiatrist with over 20 years of experience, specializes in helping women understand and manage PMS and PMDD. With offices in Newport Beach, Palm Desert, and Beverly Hills, Dr. Meshi offers compassionate, evidence-based care to support women in improving their mental health and overall well-being.

In this blog, we’ll explore the differences between PMS and PMDD, their symptoms, causes, treatment options, and answers to frequently asked questions.

To schedule an appointment with Dr. Meshi, call (949) 222-9922 or visit alexismeshi.com.

What is PMS?

Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) refers to a group of physical, emotional, and behavioral symptoms that occur during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle (the time between ovulation and menstruation). PMS is extremely common, with up to 75% of women experiencing some symptoms during their reproductive years.

Common Symptoms of PMS

  • Mood swings
  • Irritability or anger
  • Fatigue
  • Food cravings
  • Breast tenderness
  • Bloating
  • Headaches
  • Difficulty concentrating

While PMS symptoms can be uncomfortable, they typically resolve shortly after menstruation begins and are manageable for most women.

What is PMDD?

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) is a severe form of PMS that affects approximately 3-8% of women of reproductive age. PMDD is characterized by intense emotional and physical symptoms that can interfere with daily life, relationships, and mental health.

Key Differences Between PMS and PMDD

While both PMS and PMDD occur in the premenstrual phase, the primary difference lies in the severity of symptoms. PMDD symptoms are more intense and often require medical intervention.

Symptoms of PMDD

Women with PMDD may experience:

  • Severe mood swings
  • Depression or feelings of hopelessness
  • Intense irritability or anger
  • Anxiety or tension
  • Difficulty concentrating
  • Sleep disturbances (insomnia or excessive sleep)
  • Physical symptoms such as bloating, breast tenderness, and headaches
  • Suicidal thoughts or behaviors in extreme cases

If you or someone you know is experiencing severe symptoms of PMDD, it’s important to seek professional help. Dr. Alexis Meshi is here to provide compassionate and effective care.

What Causes PMS and PMDD?

The exact cause of PMS and PMDD is not fully understood, but several factors are believed to contribute, including:

1. Hormonal Fluctuations

Changes in estrogen and progesterone levels during the menstrual cycle can affect brain chemistry, leading to mood and physical symptoms.

2. Serotonin Dysregulation

Serotonin, a neurotransmitter that plays a role in mood regulation, may be affected by hormonal changes, contributing to symptoms of depression and anxiety.

3. Genetics

A family history of PMS or PMDD may increase the likelihood of experiencing these conditions.

4. Stress and Lifestyle Factors

Stress, lack of sleep, and poor nutrition can exacerbate PMS and PMDD symptoms.

Diagnosis of PMS and PMDD

Diagnosing PMS and PMDD involves a thorough evaluation of symptoms and their impact on daily life. Dr. Alexis Meshi uses the following steps to diagnose these conditions:

1. Symptom Tracking

Patients are often asked to track their symptoms over two or more menstrual cycles to identify patterns.

2. Medical History

A detailed medical history, including family history and mental health background, helps rule out other conditions.

3. DSM-5 Criteria for PMDD

For PMDD, a diagnosis is made based on criteria outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which requires at least five severe symptoms, including one mood-related symptom.

Treatment Options for PMS and PMDD

Effective treatment is available for both PMS and PMDD. Dr. Alexis Meshi takes a personalized approach to help patients manage their symptoms and improve their quality of life.

1. Lifestyle Modifications

  • Regular Exercise: Physical activity can help reduce mood swings and improve overall well-being.
  • Healthy Diet: Eating a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can alleviate bloating and fatigue.
  • Stress Management: Techniques such as mindfulness, yoga, and meditation can reduce stress and improve emotional resilience.

2. Medications

  • Antidepressants: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are commonly prescribed to manage mood-related symptoms of PMDD.
  • Hormonal Therapy: Birth control pills or other hormonal treatments may help regulate hormonal fluctuations.
  • Pain Relievers: Over-the-counter medications like ibuprofen can alleviate physical symptoms such as cramps and headaches.

3. Psychotherapy

  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): CBT can help patients develop coping strategies to manage emotional symptoms and improve overall mental health.

4. Nutritional Supplements

  • Calcium and Vitamin B6: These supplements may help reduce PMS symptoms in some women.
  • Magnesium: Magnesium can alleviate bloating, irritability, and fatigue.

5. Advanced Treatments for PMDD

For severe cases of PMDD, additional treatments such as GnRH agonists or surgical options may be considered.

FAQs About PMS and PMDD

1. How do I know if I have PMS or PMDD?

If your symptoms are severe enough to interfere with daily life, relationships, or work, you may have PMDD. Keeping a symptom diary and consulting with a psychiatrist like Dr. Alexis Meshi can help you determine the best course of action.

2. Can PMDD go away on its own?

PMDD symptoms are linked to the menstrual cycle and typically resolve after menopause. However, effective treatments are available to manage symptoms in the meantime.

3. Are PMS and PMDD related to mental health conditions?

Yes. PMDD, in particular, is classified as a mental health condition. Women with PMDD may also be at higher risk for anxiety and depression.

4. Can men experience PMS or PMDD?

No. PMS and PMDD are conditions specific to the menstrual cycle and only affect individuals who menstruate.

5. Can lifestyle changes really help with PMS and PMDD?

Yes! While lifestyle changes alone may not completely eliminate symptoms, they can significantly reduce their severity and improve overall well-being.

Q&A: Your Questions Answered

Q: Can birth control help with PMDD?

A: Yes, certain types of birth control can regulate hormonal fluctuations and reduce PMDD symptoms. However, it’s important to consult with a psychiatrist or gynecologist to determine the best option for you.

Q: Are there natural remedies for PMS and PMDD?

A: Natural remedies such as exercise, stress management, and nutritional supplements (e.g., calcium, magnesium) can be helpful. However, severe cases of PMDD often require medical intervention.

Q: What should I do if I feel hopeless or suicidal during my cycle?

A: If you’re experiencing severe emotional distress, seek immediate help. Call Dr. Alexis Meshi at (949) 222-9922, contact a crisis hotline, or visit your nearest emergency room.

Why Choose Dr. Alexis Meshi for PMS and PMDD Treatment?

Dr. Alexis Meshi is a psychiatrist with over 20 years of experience helping women manage hormonal-related mental health conditions. Her compassionate, evidence-based approach ensures that each patient receives personalized care tailored to their unique needs.

What Sets Dr. Meshi Apart?

  • Expertise in Women’s Mental Health: Dr. Meshi specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of PMS and PMDD.
  • Comprehensive Care: From lifestyle counseling to advanced medical treatments, Dr. Meshi provides a full spectrum of care.
  • Convenient Telehealth Services: Patients across California can access Dr. Meshi’s expertise from the comfort of their homes.

Take the First Step Toward Relief from PMS and PMDD

Living with PMS or PMDD doesn’t have to be overwhelming. With the right care and support, you can manage your symptoms and improve your quality of life. Dr. Alexis Meshi and the team at Superior Psychiatric Services are here to help.

Schedule your appointment today by calling (949) 222-9922 or visiting alexismeshi.com.

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